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Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Forces

Mohsin Ali — Fri, 13 Aug 2010 07:01:06 +0000

Two Germanys, two Koreas and two countries, Pakistan and India have been at brinkmanship since their inception and are always showing saber-ratting. Pakistan and India have been at logger heads over the Kashmir issue since their partition in 14 August, 1947. Both of the countries have similar land, culture and climate but a highly different religious basis. After the independence and partition into two countries, Pakistan chose to be an Islamic republic and aligned with USA in cold war. India on other hand did not show any alliance with any of the two superpowers but get financial and political support from the both poles in various time spam. India, but, has some more tight ties with former USSR. These choices turned out to the turning point in the political and military future of both these countries and it decided the present state of Indian and Pakistani military strengths which we will evaluate below.
Following are military strengths based on currently available manpower, equipments infrastructure, command and strategy. Future military plans projects are not discussed due to uncertain and volatile nature of such plans, often subjects to cancellation, failure or modification.
Military Budgets
In 2007, 3% of GDP with $ 4.1 billion was sliced away by Pakistan in response to India’s like in defence budget of 2006-07 at $ 20.11 billion (2.5% of GDP). Pakistan’s like in military budget would be partially funded from its government coffers and partially by borrowing while India would fund its military spending from its own funds.
Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Manpower Forces
Military personnel, India with 3773300 armed force globally, next only to china. As compared to India, Pakistan has a smaller manpower in his military only of 144900 soldiers, which is proportionally higher than India in terms of their population ratios.
Pakistan ground forces are equipped with Chinese and American weapons like FIM 92 stinger SAMs, BGM-71 TOW anti—tank missile, T—82 tanks and other equipments while Indian forces have homemade or soviet technologies like IR guided IK 35 sterla—10 SAMs, 3rd Gen IR guided Nag anti-tank missiles, UAVs and a large inventory of tanks and support vehicles. In terms of numbers and equipments, both Indian and Pakistani forces are on an equal footing.
Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Air Forces
Indian Air Force has over 170000 personnel and 3382 air crafts of which 1330 are combat air crafts operating off 61 airbuses—making it the fourth largest air force in the global world. India has French and Russian air crafts like Mikoyan MIC-29, Dassault Mirage 2000, Sukhoi Su-30-the last one developed under dual licensing by HAL.
Pakistan Air Force has about 65000 active personnel with 530 combat air crafts operating out of 9 airbuses. Its strike fighters consist of US, Chinese and French fighters like F-10 Fighting Falcon IF-17 thunder and Dassault Mirage. It has also transport aircraft air crafts like Lockheed Martin C-130 and Airbus A 310, however there are no UAVs or reconnaissance air crafts in Pakistan Air Force.
Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Navy Forces
Pakistan expanded its size of Naval fleet which doubled in 1980 in the 1980’s after a massive$ 3.2 billion dollar military and economic aid by US president Ronald Reagan after the overwhelming losses in the 1971 war against India. Now Pakistan’s navy has 45 vessels includes submarines, destroyers, frigates, patrol and mine warfare boats. While Indian navy on the other hand, is a three dimensional naval forces consisting of missile-capable warships, an aircraft carrier, mine sweeper and a host of marine air crafts most of its warships indigenously built in its own dock yards.
Comparison Of India And Pakistan Nuclear Weapons
Pakistan’s stockpile is of 30-40 warheads and India possess 70-100 warheads.
Ballistic and cruise Missile Proliferation
The maximum range among India’s operational ballistic missiles in 2000 km achieved by Agni-2 developed by its own IGMDP. The maximum range Pakistani missiles is by Hatf V Chouri with 2200 km, based on North-Korean No-Dong series of IRBMs. Both of Indian and Pakistani missiles are capable of nuclear weapons carriage. India has a supersonic cruise missile. Brah Mos while Pakistan’s Babur cruise missile has a reported range of 700 km and maximum speed of 880 km/h, nuclear capable.

Top Ten Bloody And Longest Battles Wars In The History Of World

Mohsin Ali — Wed, 17 Feb 2010 10:08:29 +0000

War is a way to achieve the goals of a country by force. The history of warfare is very long but the modern warfare was by invention of gun powder. With the passage of time the states are using different modern weapons to genuflect their enemies. In the past following longest or bloodiest wars have been fought in order to get the superiority in the community of nations.

	The Hundred Years’ War (1337 to 1453) was a prolonged conflict between two royal houses for the French throne, vacant with the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. The two primary contenders were the House of Valois, and the House of Plantagenet. The conflict lasted 116 years from 1337 to 1453. The war was punctuated by several brief periods of peace, and two lengthy periods of peace, before it finally ended in the expulsion of the Plantagenets from France. Subtracting the two long periods of peace from 1360–69 and 1389–1415, the war was fought for about 81 years.
	The Wars of the Roses(1455–1487) were a series of dynastic civil wars fought in England between supporters of the Houses of Lancaster and York. Although armed clashes had occurred previously between supporters of Lancastrian King Henry VI and Richard, Duke of York, head of the rival House of York, the first open fighting broke out in 1455 and resumed more violently in 1459. Henry was captured and Richard became Protector of England, but was dissuaded from claiming the throne. Inspired by Henry’s Queen, Margaret of Anjou, the Lancastrians resumed the conflict, and Richard was killed in battle at the end of 1460. His eldest son was proclaimed King Edward IV after a crushing victory at the Battle of Towton early in 1461.
	The Thirty Years’ War (1618 –1648) was a religious war fought over a thirty-year time period from 1618 to 1648, involving most of the major European powers. It mainly took place in the territory of Germany. Beginning as a religious conflict between Protestants and Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire, it gradually developed into a general war involving much of Europe, for for reasons not necessarily related to religion.
	The Peloponnesian War (264 to 241 BC) (431–404 BC) was an Ancient Greek military conflict, fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League, led by Sparta. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases. This period of the war was concluded in 421 BC, with the signing of the Peace of Nicias or nician ancestry.
	The First Punic War (264 to 241 BC) was the first of three major wars fought between Carthage and the Roman Republic. For 23 years, the two powers struggled for supremacy in the western Mediterranean Sea. Carthage was located in what is today Tunisia. Africa was the dominant Western Mediterranean power at the beginning of the conflicts. Eventually, Rome emerged as the victor.
	The Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) involved Napoleon’s French Empire and a shifting set of European allies and opposing coalitions. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionized European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to the application of modern mass conscription. Nepolean was defeated in the end and it was the complete military defeat.
	The Greco-Persian Wars (499-448) were a series of conflicts between several Greek city-states and the Persian Empire that started in 499 BC and lasted until 448 BC. The expression “Persian Wars” usually refers to both Persian invasions of the Greek mainland in 490 BC and in 480-479 BC; in both cases, the allied Greeks successfully repelled the invasions.
	The Great Northern War (1700-1721) was fought between Russia and Sweden for supremacy in the Baltic Sea. Initially, Russia joined the coalition in the war with Denmark and Saxon. The war began as a coordinated attack on Sweden by the coalition in 1700 and ended in 1721 with the Treaty of Nystad and other Stockholm treaties.
	The Vietnam War(1959-1975), also known as the Second Indo-china War, occurred from 1959 to April 30, 1975. The war was fought between the communist Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), supported by its communist allies, and the US-supported Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam). The United States and South Vietnam also conducted clandestine operations throughout the war using special operations units and Central Intelligence Agency operatives. The US supported South Vietnam suffered a defeat in the end.
	The Second Punic War(218-201 BC) (referred to as “The War Against Hannibal” by the Romans) lasted from 218 to 201 BC and involved combatants in the western and eastern Mediterranean. It was the second of three major wars between Carthage and the Roman Republic. They are called the “Punic Wars” because Rome’s name for Carthaginians was Punic.

Oldest American Presidents: USA or United States Of America Top Ten 10

Jibran Jamshed — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 14:36:08 +0000

The history of United States started in 1787 with the signing of first American constitution. The first president of United States was George Washington. U.S history has seen 44 presidents till 2010 and out of this list four died in office of natural causes (William Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, Warren G. Harding, and Franklin D. Roosevelt), one resigned (Richard Nixon), and four were assassinated (Abraham Lincoln, James A. Garfield, William McKinley, and John F. Kennedy). The list of top ten oldest presidents has been compiled in thei webpage.

	Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911– June 5, 2004) was the oldest president of United States of America. When he was elected as President in 1980 he was 69 years old. As 40^th President of U.S.A he served from 1980 to 1989 for two terms. He was among the most popular and uncontroversial Presidents of United States Of America.
	William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 – April 4, 1841) was not only the second oldest Presidents of U.S.A but also he had shortest tenure as President in the history of United Sates. He was elected as 9^th President of U.S.A at the age of 68 years on 4^th March 1841 and died (due to cold desease) only after 31 days on 4^th April 1841.
	James Buchanan, Jr. (April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868) was elected as President of U.S.A in 1857 when he was 66 years old and remained in the office till 1861. Uptill now he is the only President from the state of Pennsylvania. American Civil War was started in his tenure and due to ineffecient efforts towards war he lost his popularity. He was the third oldest president after Ronald Reagan and William Harrison.
	George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) was the 41^st President of U.S.A and he became the President at the age of 65. He ramained in the office from 1989 to 1993. He is famous for first Iraq war and his son G.W. Bush was elected as the 43^rd President of U.S.A in 2000.
	Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850) became the 12^th President of U.S.A in 1849 at the age of 65. He was American Military Leader and served in U.S Army for 40 years. This brave Military Leader was also known as “Old Rough and Ready” and played key role in Compromise of 1850. In 1850 he died only after 16 months of his Presidential term. It was suspected that he was poisened with arsenic but nothing was proved in this regard.
	Dwight David “Ike” Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was the Supreme Commander of Allied Forces during World War 2. He was among the oldest Presidents in the histroy of U.S.A because he was 63 years old when he became the President of U.S.A. This Five Star General of U.S.A Army remained the President of U.S.A. till 1961.
	Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was the founder of modern Democratic Party. He became the President of U.S.A at the age of 62 years in 1829. This 7^th President of U.S.A was a tough leader and also served in American Army. His views were liberal as well as conservative and he was against slavery.
	John Adams, (October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826) was one of the founding fathers of U.S.A and he was also the first Vice President of U.S.A. (1789 – 1797). When he became the 2^nd President of U.S.A. in 1797 he was 62 years old. During the American War of Independence he played very important role along with George Washington.
	Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr (July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006) became 38^th President of U.S.A in 1974. He was 61 years of age when he became the President. G.R. Ford was the only President of U.S.A who was neither elected as Vice President or President because he became the Vice President under 25^th Amendment of U.S. Constitution and became President when Richard Nixon resigned.
	Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) remained the President of U.S.A from 1945 to 1953. He was the 33^rd President of U.S.A. and also one of the oldest Presidents of country because he was 61 years old when he entered in the White House as a President. He is considered as one of the greatest U.S. Presidents because he reconstructed the econmy of U.S.A after the destruction of World War 2.